|  |
Anne Frank [1929-1945] |
Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank [12 June 1929 – early March 1945] is one of the most renowned & most discussed Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Acknowledged for the quality of her writing, her diary has become one of the world's most widely read books, & has been the basis for several plays & films.
Born in the city of Frankfurt am Main in Weimar Germany, she lived most of her life in or near Amsterdam, in the Netherlands. By nationality, she was officially considered a German until 1941, when she lost her nationality owing to the anti-Semitic policies of Nazi Germany (the Nuremberg Laws). She gained international fame posthumously following the publication of her diary, which documents her experiences hiding during the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II.
The Frank family moved from Germany to Amsterdam in 1933, the year the Nazis gained control over Germany. By the beginning of 1940, they were trapped in Amsterdam by the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands. As persecutions of the Jewish population increased in July 1942, the family went into hiding in the hidden rooms of Anne's father, Otto Frank's, office building. After two years, the group was betrayed & transported to concentration camps. Anne Frank & her sister Margot were eventually transferred to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where they both died of typhus in March 1945.
Otto Frank, the only survivor of the family, returned to Amsterdam after the war to find that Anne's diary had been saved, & his efforts led to its publication in 1947. It was translated from its original Dutch & first published in English in 1952 as "The Diary of a Young Girl." It has since been translated into many languages. The diary, which was given to Anne on her 13th birthday, chronicles her life from 12 June 1942 until 1 August 1944.
 | T
R
E
E |  1945-2010 - Anne Frankboom / Anne Frank Tree, Prinsengracht / Prince's Canal, Amsterdam (Netherlands). Unintentional monument. Horse chestnut tree 150-170 years old. Blown down by high winds on August 23, 2010. Mentioned 3 times in "Diary of Anne Frank." See Anne Frank Tree place in London (England) in 1998.
|
 | B
O
O
K | 1947 - "Since it was first published in 1947, "The Diary of a Young Girl" has become one of the most powerful memoirs of the Holocaust. Its message of tolerance, courage & hope in the face of adversity has reached millions. The diary has been translated into approximately 67 languages with over 30 million copies sold since its publication. Anne Frank's story is especially meaningful to young people. For many students in America, the story of Anne Frank is their first, if not their only, exposure to the history of the Holocaust."
|
| M
E
M |  Date? - Memorial Stone, Aachen (Germany). At the location of the former home of Anne Frank during her stay in Aachen.
|
 | S
C
H
O
O
L | Date? - Anne-Frank-Schule, Aachen Laurensberg Haupteingang, Aachen (Germany).
|
| H
O
US
E | 1934-1942 - Apartment block, Merwedeplein, Amsterdam (Netherlands). Unintentional monument. Where the Frank family lived from 1934 until 1942. H
|
| H
O
US
E | M
U
S
E
U
M | May 3, 1960 - Anne Frank Huis / Anne Frank House, Prinsengracht / Prince's Canal, Amsterdam (Netherlands). Unintentional monument. Hiding place of Anne Frank [1929-1945] and her family during World War II. The house was turned into a museum in 1960, and the museum was expanded in 1999. See Video & Website.
Visited by EWL. H
|
| S
T
A
T
U
E | Date? - Statue of Anne Frank, outside Westerkerk / Western Church, Amsterdam (Netherlands). Near the museum. By Mari Andriessen [1897-1979].
|
| C
A
M
P | M
U
S
E
U
M | Date? - Herinneringscentrum Kamp Westerbork / Memorial Center Camp Westerbork, Westerbork, Middenveld, Drenthe (Netherlands). Westerbork functioned during the WW-II to assemble Roma and Dutch Jews for transport to other Nazi concentration camps. Now a museum. Upper image shows Rails Monument, part of a former railroad track which was used during WW-II to transport people to and from the camp, including Anne Frank. Lower image shows the Appelplatz Memorial, made of a small rectangular stone for each person who had stayed at Westerbork & later died in a Nazi camp. The stones have a silver flame insignia for Roma & Sinti & a Star of David for Jewish victims. (Appelplatz means square used for roll call.) See Video & Website. H
|
| M
U
S
E
U
M |   1977 - Anne Frank Center USA, 38 Crosby Street (5th floor), New York City, New York (USA).
"A not-for-profit organization that promotes the universal message of tolerance by developing & disseminating a variety of educational programs, including exhibitions, workshops & special events."
/// "A partner organization of the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam. Uses the diary and spirit of Anne Frank [1929-1945] as unique tools to advance her legacy [including] the North American Traveling Exhibition Program, the Exhibition and Education Center in New York City, the annual Spirit of Anne Frank Awards..." See Video & Website. See other Anne Frank organizaitons in Basel, Berlin, London & Verein (Austria).
|
| S C H O O L & S T A T U E
Date? - Anne-Frank-Schule
Haupt- und Realschule mit Ganztagsangebot,
Am Stadtforst 21.
49716, Emsland District, Lower Saxony, Meppen (Germany).
|
| M E M O R I A L
 February 1990 - Holocaust Memorial, Dade Boulevard at Meridian Avenue, Miami Beach, Florida (USA). The first sculpture is of a mother & two nestling children fearful as the signs of the Holocaust first appear. Their faces ask... "can it happen?" ... "will God forsake us?" The sculpture is framed by Anne Frank's message "...that in spite of everything I still believe that people are really good at heart." The memorial also includes the Arbor of History, Garden of Meditation, Dome of Contemplation, the Lonely Path, the Sculpture of Love & Anguish (the raised arm), the Memorial Wall & other sculptures. Enlarge image to see victims covering the arm. Click here for reviews.
|
| T
R
E
E |   June 12, 1998 - Anne Frank Tree, corner of Garrick Street & New Row, London (England). In front of the British Library. Planted by Anne Frank Trust. Has plaque on pub wall.
Info courtesy of Valerie Flessati (2012). This is 1 of 45 monuments in her "Peace Trails through London," page 4.
|
| 1999 - Bust of Anne Frank, Courtyard, British Library, London (England). Sculpted by Doreen Kern. Marks 70th anniversary of Frank's birth. One of 309 London monuments in Kershman (2007), page 349.
|
|  November 9, 2001 - Holocaust Maenmal der Kinder / Children's Holocaust Memorial, Whitwell Middle School,
1130 Main Street, Whitwell, Marion County, Tennessee (USA). "An authentic German railcar filled with 11 million paper clips (6 million for murdered Jews & 5 million for Gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses, and other groups). Dedicated on the anniversary of Kristallnacht.
Eighteen butterflies sculptured of twisted copper are embedded in concrete around the railcar. Butterflies came from a poem written by a child who lived in Terezin concentration camp in 1942 ("I Never Saw Another Butterfly") & the number 18 in Hebrew symbolizes life (in Gematria, 18 is the numerical value of the word pronounced Chai, meaning life). Inside the railcar, besides the paper clips, there are the Schroeders’ book and a suitcase filled with letters of apology to Anne Frank by a class of German schoolchildren. A sculpture designed by an artist from Ooltewah, TN, stands next to the car, memorializing the 1.5 million children murdered by the Nazis and incorporating another 11 million paper clips." Click here for the Wikipedia article.
|
| M
E
M
 2002 - Idaho Anne Frank Human Rights Memorial, Boise, Idaho (USA). Along the Boise Greenbelt near the Black History Museum, Boise Art Gallery, Idaho History Museum, MK Nature Center & Log Cabin Literary Center. "This world-class educational park, which has been profiled in several national publications including the National Geographic book 'Etched in Stone: Enduring Words from Our Nation's Monuments,' is the only Anne Frank memorial in the USA & one of the only places in the world where the full Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is on public display. The Memorial includes a life-sized bronze statue of Anne Frank & over 60 quotes from the world's humanitarian leaders. /// Kurt Karst, an Idaho Falls architect, designed the Memorial to integrate the beauty of natural elements-like water, stone & native plants-with the message of hope in humanity." "Gregory Stone of Northampton, Massachusetts, designed a bronze statue to honor Anne Frank."
| |
| July 9, 2005 - Monument in memory of Anne Frank, Merwedeplein Square, Amsterdam (Netherlands). Anne Frank [1929-19458] lived on the Merwedeplein from 1933 to 1942. In 2004, bookseller Gert-Jan Jimmink proposed a monument. It was sculpted by local sculptor Jet Schepp.
|
| M
US
E
U
M |  January 18, 2007 - Museum of History & Holocaust Education (MHHE), Continuing Education Building, KSU Center, Kennesaw State University, 3333 Busbee Drive, Kennesaw, Georgia (USA). "Funded in part by the Marcus Foundation & directed by Dr. Catherine Lewis. Presents public programs & exhibitions focused on WW-II & the Holocaust in an effort to promote education & dialogue about the past & its significance today." "Organized after an incredibly successful traveling Anne Frank exhibit [2003-2006]..." ("Graduates of KSU's public history certificate program...go on to work in museums, archives & historic preservation offices & to enroll in graduate programs in history, historic preservation, non-profit management, public history & museum studies."
|
| C
A
MP | October 2007 - Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp, Lower Saxony (Germany). "US President Ronald Reagan's visit to West Germany in 1985 included a hastily arranged stop at Bergen-Belsen, which prompted the West Germans to put together a small documentation center. It soon became inadequate for the accumulating archives, for the general liberalizing process of German identity building after the Berlin Wall fell, & for the growing public appetite abroad for Holocaust museums, along with the tourist economy they generated. On April 15, 2005 there was a commemorative ceremony, & many ex-prisoners & ex-liberating troops attended. In October 2007 the redesigned memorial site was opened, including a large new Documentation Centre & permanent exhibition on the edge of the newly redefined camp, whose structure & layout can now be traced. The site is open to the public & includes a monument to the dead, some individual memorial stones & a 'House of Silence' for reflection." H
|
| M
E
M
O
R
I
A
L | Date? - Bergen-Belsen (Germany). "Memorial for Margot & Anne Frank at the former Bergen-Belsen site, along with floral & pictorial tributes."
|
| T
R
A
I
L |
Date? - "Anne Frank Walk," Amsterdam (Netherlands). "Memories of World War II. What happened in Amsterdam during the war years, & what marks did the war leave in the streets of Amsterdam?" "This walk takes you from the house where Anne Frank lived before the war to the house she & her family were hiding during the war. This walk takes you also through some interesiting neighbourhoods as the Diamantwijk & De Pijp." "'Persecution & Resistance,' a pocket booklet published by the Dutch Resistance Museum makes you discover just that, with a walk from the Anne Frank House to the Dutch Resistance Museum.
The full colour pocket booklet of 18 pages with a fold out map is very informative & richly illustrated. The English & Dutch editions (each 0.50 €) are available at the Anne Frank House, the Jewish Historical Museum & the Dutch Resistance Museum. The route can be followed in either direction or by tram."
|
 | S
E
T
 Summer 2009 - Rooftop set, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USA). For production of the play "Teenager: Anne Frank." Anna Watson’s stage debut in Philadelphia, in the USA & in the English language. "Anna trained at the Pygmalion theater school in Vienna (Austria), where the equivalent of her thesis project was 'Teenager: Anne Frank.' A one-woman show that focuses on the emotional & physical struggles of adolescence, Anna says the play doesn’t so much reinterpret the story and mythological stature of Anne Frank, but rather fleshes out Frank’s physical experience as a human."
| |
| S
T
A
T
U
E |  June 12, 2011 - Anne Frank statue, Wilhelmina Park, Aruba (Netherlands Antilles). Dedicated on Anne Frank's birthday. "Created in the Netherlands by Dutch bronze artist Joep Coppens, who used the same process to create the bronze statue as was used in ancient times. Once finished, the statue was packed up and transported on a KLM Cargo plane to Aruba, where the statue will be unveiled in its new home in the Wilhelmina Park."
|
