Peace Bridges, Friendship Bridges, and Dams </head> <body> <center>Please email your comments & questions to <b>geovisual @ comcast.net</b>. Thank you. <br>Click here to join <a href="p_friends.htm">Friends of Peace Monuments</a>.</center> <TABLE BORDER=0> <blockquote><blockquote> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://rlv.zcache.com/golden_gate_bridge_san_francisco_destination_sticker-p217152392035312913qjcl_400.jpg" width="180" height="180">  <img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="100" height="120"> </center></td><td><b><h1>Bridges and Dams<br>Named for Peace and/or Friendship</h1></b></table></blockquote> <p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship_Bridge">Click here</a> for Wikipedia list of friendship bridges. </blockquote></blockquote> <p>Right click image to enlarge. </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/_vkZjqin73Xc/R6f2pAENA3I/AAAAAAAAEAg/h38Vz3Kinrg/s640/IMG_0277.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/VIET0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1593</b> - <a href="http://picasaweb.google.com/kevboynet/HoiAnPlusMySonRuins#5163366682056262514">Friendship Bridge</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%99i_An">Hòa An</a> (Vietnam). "Links the old Chinese and Japanese sides of the canal." "During the period of the China trade (16th-17th century), the town was called Hai Pho (Seaside Town) in Vietnamese. Originally, Hai Pho was a divided town with the Japanese settlement across the "Japanese Bridge." The bridge (<i>Chùa cau</i>) is a unique covered structure built by the Japanese, the only known covered bridge with a Buddhist pagoda attached to one side." <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CHIN0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <a href=""><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/JAPA0001.GIF" width="26" height="18"></a> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://en.structurae.de/files/photos/wikipedia/Dandong_2C_Liaoning_Province.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/SinoKorea_Friendship_Bridge.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <br><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="245" height="0"></center> </td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D</br>G<br>E</b></center> </td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CHIN0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/NKOR0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1911</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Korea_Friendship_Bridge">China-Korea Friendship Bridge</a>, Yalu River, between Dandong, Liaoning (China) & Sinuiju (North Korea). Left image from China. Right image from North Korea. Second bridge built in 1943. Korean end of the original (1911) bridge destroyed by Americans during the Korean War. </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.inlandempire.us/attractions/postcard_images/frankmiller_bridge.jpg " width="120" height="85"> <img src="http://photos.igougo.com/images/p260122-Riverside-The_friendship_bridge.jpg " width="120" height="85"> <br><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="245" height="0"> </center></td><td><center><b>T<br>O<br>W<br>E</br>R</b></center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D</br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/CA.png" width="30" height="20"> <b>1925</b> - Frank A. Miller Testimonial Peace Tower & Friendshp Bridge, Mount Rubidoux, Riverside, California (USA). <a href="http://www.masterofthemissioninn.com/">Frank Augustus Miller</a> [1857-1935] founded the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission_Inn">Mission Inn</a> in Riverside and the Institute of World Affairs (which is now the <a href="http://www.worldaffairsinlandempire.org/about.html">World Affairs Council of Inland Southern California</a>). Tower bears the names & coats of arms of all nations as of 1925. <i>Entry #111 in the "Peace Movement Directory" by James Richard Bennett (2001).</i> </table><table border=2 > <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://peace.maripo.com/images/bridge2.gif" width="120" height="85">  </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D</br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/NY.png" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CANA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CANA0110.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>August 7, 1927</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Bridge">Peace Bridge</a>, Niagara River, US/Canadian Border between Buffalo, New York (USA), & Fort Erie, Ontario (Canada). A "dramatic state-of-the-art, $1.2 million LED lighting system replaced the current avian unfriendly up-lighting" at the end of 2008. <i>Entry #1208 in the "Peace Movement Directory" by James Richard Bennett (2001).</i> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.jarreuk.co.uk/news/danubebridge.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/BULG0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/RMNA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>June 20, 1954</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giurgiu-Ruse_Friendship_Bridge">Giurgiu-Ruse Friendship Bridge</a>, Danube River (between Bulgaria & Romania). "Steel truss bridge connecting the Bulgarian bank to the south with the Romanian bank to the north and the cities of Ruse and Giurgiu respectively." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://image48.webshots.com/49/4/32/65/310343265ytAWiO_ph.jpg" width="120" height="85"></center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/ITAL0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>Date?</b> - <a href="http://www.coe.int/t/congress/demoweek/content/ELDW2008/rapports/casalecchiodireno_en.asp"><i>Ponte di Pace</i> / Peace Bridge</a>, Casalechio di Reno (Italy). "There are other new public venues: the <i>Casa per la Pace</i> (House for Peace) which promotes projects on solidarity and tolerance [and] the <i>Ponte di Pace</i> (Peace Bridge), the Bridge over the River Reno..." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.nypa.gov/facilities/projectimages/StLawrence/stlaw2.jpg" width="120" height="80"> </center></td><td><center><b>D<br>A<br>M</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/NY.png" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CANA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CANA0110.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>July 17, 1958</b> - Peace Monument, Robert Moses-Robert H. Saunders Power House & Dam, St. Lawrence-Franklin Deleno Roosevelt Power Project, St. Lawrence River between Massena, New York (USA), and Cornwall, Ontario (Canada). The dam's 32 turbine-generators are divided equally by the international border, with the two sections operated independently by the New York Power Authorty (NYPA) and Ontario Power Generation (OPG). Queen Elizabeth II dedicated the monument on the international border inside the power house. <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNKG0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Narva_highway_bridge.jpg/800px-Narva_highway_bridge.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/ESTN0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <a href=""><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/RUSS0001.GIF" width="26" height="18"></a> <b>1960</b> - <a href="">Narva Friendship Bridge</a>, <a href="Narva Friendship Bridge, ">Narva River</a> (between Estonia & Russia). "Tallinn-St. Petersburg highway bridge on E20 just downstream from the Hermann Castle and Ivangorod Fortress. The bridge named Friendship Bridge is 162 m long." <a href="">Click here</a> for air view. <img src="http://theglobaltimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/flag_ussr.jpg" width="30" height="20"> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.transportation1.org/TIF1Report/images/WW-Bridge-4.jpg" width="120" height="85">   </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/MD.png" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/VA.png" width="30" height="20"> <b>December 28, 1961</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_Bridge">Woodrow Wilson Memorial Bridge</a>, Potomac River, between Alexandria, Virginia, & Oxon Hill, Maryland (USA). <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> [1856-1924] was president of Princeton University 1902-1910 & president of the USA 1913-1921. He received the 1919 Nobel Peace Prize. Bridge carries Interstate Highways 95 & 95 and opens for ships. Reconstructed 2006-2008. Wilson's widow died the same day that she was scheduled to dedicate the original bridge. <img src="http://spaceformusic.com/symposium2000/images/nobelcoin.jpg" width="22" height="22"> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://farm1.static.flickr.com/93/230649249_d7ae09bf75.jpg" width="200" height="85">  </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center> </td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/DC.png" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/VA.png" width="30" height="20"> <b>June 23, 1964</b> - <a href="">Theodore Roosevelt Bridge</a>, Potomac River, between Washington, DC, & Arlington, Virginia (USA). <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> [1858-1919] was US President 1901-1909 and received the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize. <img src="http://spaceformusic.com/symposium2000/images/nobelcoin.jpg" width="22" height="22"> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Ponte_da_amizade.jpg/800px-Ponte_da_amizade.jpg" width="120" height="85"></center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D</br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/BRAZ0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/PARA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1965</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship_Bridge_(Paraguay%E2%80%93Brazil)"><i>Ponte da Amizade</i> / <i>Puente de la Amistad</i> / Friendship Bridge</a>, between Foz do Iguaçu (Brazil) & Ciudad del Este (Paraguay). Arch is 290m (303m in total). The bridge itself is 552.4m long. Most of Paraguay's imports and exports pass through this bridge. </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://farm1.static.flickr.com/50/152664021_7aa2fecefc.jpg" width="120" height="85"></center> </td><td><center><b>D<br>A<br>M</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/TX.png" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/MEXC0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1969</b> - <a href="">Amistad Dam</a>, between Del Rio, Texas (USA). & Cuidad Acuna (Mexico). Image shows both national emblems on the border in the middle of the dam. </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/High_Dam_Burg%2C_Aswan%2C_Egypt%2C_Oct_2004.jpg/800px-High_Dam_Burg%2C_Aswan%2C_Egypt%2C_Oct_2004.jpg" width="150" height="85"><img src="http://peace.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="3" height="0"><img src="http://static.panoramio.com/photos/original/931637.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <br><img src="http://peace.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="275" height="0"> </center></td><td><center><b>D<br>A<br>M</b></center></td><td><center><b>T<br>O<br>W<br>E<br>R</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/EGYP0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1971</b> - Egyptian-Russian Friendship Monument, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswan_Dam">Aswan High Dam</a>, Nile River, Egypt. 71-meter tower designed by Soviet sculptor <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Neizvestny">Ernst Neizvestny</a>. Commemorates Soviet help in the construction of the Aswan High Dam. Also known as the Lotus Flower Tower. <img src="http://theglobaltimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/flag_ussr.jpg" width="30" height="20">  </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Stamp_US_1977_13c_Peace_Bridge.jpg" width="120" height="85"> </center></td><td><center><b>S<br>T<br>A<br>M<br>P</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1977</b> - 13-cent stamp commemorating "Peace Bridge 1927-77." Fiftieth anniversary of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Bridge">Peace Bridge</a> between Buffalo, New York (USA), and Port Erie, Ontario (Canada). <TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/55/CanadaPeaceBridgeStamp.jpg" width="120" height="85"> </center></td><td><center><b>S<br>T<br>A<br>M<br>P</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CANA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1977</b> - 12-cent stamp commemorating "Peace Bridge 1927-77." Fiftieth anniversary of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Bridge">Peace Bridge</a> between Buffalo, New York (USA), and Port Erie, Ontario (Canada). </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.bruecke-remagen.de/images/logo.jpg" width="95" height="85"> <img src="http://www.bruecke-remagen.de/images/bruecke_heute_cv.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <img src="http://www.museumsforpeace.org/museumsforpeace_logo%20copy.png" width="60" height="65"> <br><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="285" height="0"> </center></td><td><center><b>M<br>U<br>S</br>E<br>U<br>M</center> </td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/GERM0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1980</b> - <a href="http://www.remus.museum/html/en/museum.php?id=832"><i>Friedensmuseum Brücke von Remagen</i> / Bridge at Remagen Peace Museum</a>, Ludendorff Bridge, Rheinpromenade, Remagen, Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany). Occupies bridge built for war in 1916-1918 and conquered in war on March 7, 1945. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remagen">Click here</a> for Wikipedia article. <i>Member of <a href="http://peace.maripo.com/p_inmp.htm">International Network of Museums for Peace</a> (INMP).</i> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://farm1.static.flickr.com/204/524743071_8a726c6bd9_m.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/AFGH0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UZBK0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1982</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_Friendship_Bridge">Friendship Bridge</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amu_Darya">Amu Darya River</a> (between Afghanistan & Uzbekistan). Road & rail bridge the Uzbek city of Termez with Hairatan in the Balkh Province of northern Afghanistan. Built by the Soviet Army in 1982 to supply its troops in Afghanistan. Closed 1997-2001 during Talaban control of Afghanistan. <img src="http://theglobaltimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/flag_ussr.jpg" width="30" height="20">  </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Puente_Internacional_Tancredo_Neves.JPG/800px-Puente_Internacional_Tancredo_Neves.JPG"" width="140" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/ARGE0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/BRAZ0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>November 19, 1985</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraternity_Bridge"><i>Ponte da Fraternidade</i> / <i>Puente de la Fraternidad</i> / Fraternity Bridge</a>, Iguassu River (between Argentina & Brazil). Also called the Tancredo Neves Bridge. Connects the Brazilian city of Foz do Iguaçu with the Argentine Puerto Iguazú. </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.goway.com/asia/macau/mac_img/friendship-bridge480a.jpg" width="140" height="85"><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="5" height="0"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Macao_Friendship_Bridge.jpg/800px-Macao_Friendship_Bridge.jpg" width="140" height="85"> <br><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="285" height="0"></center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D</br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CHIN0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CHIN0101.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>March 1994</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponte_de_Amizade"><i>Ponte de Amizade</i> / Friendship Bridge</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau">Macau Spcial Administrative Region</a> (China). Connects Macau Peninsula near the Reservatório and Taipa Island at Pac On. Which image is correct? </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Thai-Lao-Freundschaftsbruecke.jpg/800px-Thai-Lao-Freundschaftsbruecke.jpg" width="140" height="85"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D</br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/THAL0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/LAOS0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>April 8, 1994</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai%E2%80%93Lao_Friendship_Bridge">Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge</a>, Mekong River (Thailand & Laos). Connects Nong Khai (Thailand) & Vientiane (Laos). "With a length of 1,170 m, the bridge has two 3.5 m-wide road lanes, two 1.5 m-wide footpaths and a single metre gauge railway line in the middle, straddling the narrow central reservation." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Thai_myanmar_friendship_bridge.jpg/800px-Thai_myanmar_friendship_bridge.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/THAL0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/MYAN0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>1997</b> - <a href="">Thai-Myanmar Friendship Bridge</a>, Moei River, <a href="">Mae Sot</a> (between Thailand & Burma). "Where Asian Highway AH1 links between Thailand and Burma; thus it is one of the most important gateways to Burma, along with Three Pagodas Pass." Mywaddy? </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.shannon-erne.de/wiki/lib/exe/fetch.php?cache=cache&w=800&h=600&media=wiki:orte_am_sew:aghalane_senator_george_mitchell_bridge_vom_wasser_aus_gesehen_2.jpg" width="120" height="85"></center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/IREL0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNKG0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <a href=""><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNKG0103.GIF" width="26" height="18"></a> <b>April 1, 1999</b> - <a href="http://www.shannon-erne.de/wiki/doku.php?id=wiki:orte_am_sew:aghalane_senator_george_mitchell_bridge">George Mitchell Bridge</a>, between <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavan">Cavan</a> (Republic of Ireland) & <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enniskillen">Enniskillin</a> (Northern Ireland). Aghalane Bridge rebuilt & newly named for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_J._Mitchell">US Senator George J. Mitchell</a>. "Forms the border between North & South of Ireland. For 150 years this bridge  served as a liaison to businesses and municipalities, which were located in the hinterland, as well as the main transport route between Donegal & Dublin and the shortest connection between the provincial towns of Enniskillen & Cavan." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Secondgandy.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/FL.png" width="30" height="20"> <b>December 11, 1999</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandy_Bridge#Friendship_Trail_Bridge">Friendship Trail Bridge</a>, between Tampa & St. Petersburg, Hillsborough County, Florida (USA). Highway span built in 1956, reopened to pedestrian and bicycle traffic only. "Thousands of boaters might have to settle for fewer fishing spots after Hillsborough County Public Works officials issue a stern warning against boaters going under the dilapidated Friendship Trail Bridge." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.lggi.net/LGGI%20world%20trade%20bridge%20Laredo%20Texas.JPG" width="120" height="85"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/TX.png" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/MEXC0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>April 15, 2000</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_International_Bridge">World Trade Bridge</a>, between Laredo, Texas (USA), & Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas (Mexico). Eight-lane bridge for commercil traffic only. "Named in honor of a free World Trade market, because international trade is one of the key components to the Laredo/Nuevo Laredo economies." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://images.travelpod.com/users/leonnatmckenna/1.1252147050.the-friendship-bridge-between-nepal-and-tibet.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <img src="http://www.savetibet.org/files/images-old/FriendshipBridgeBetweenNepalAndTibet.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <br><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="245" height="0"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/NEPA0001.GIF" width="22" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CHIN0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/TIBE0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>Date?</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Nepal_Friendship_Bridge">Sino-Nepal Friendship Bridge</a>, Bhote Koshi River, between Sindhulpalchok (Nepal) & Tibet (China). Zhangmn? </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://images.travelpod.com/users/margreet98/1.1239200340.friendship-bridge.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/PANA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>Date?</b> - <a href=""><i>Puente de la Amistad</i> / Friendship Bridge</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuna_Yala">Kuna Yala</a> (Panama). Foot bridge between Yandup & Nagana Islands. Google translation: "Yandup is an island paradise surrounded by coral reefs, with a small beach and crystal clear calm water near where sand is low which can be reacched by foot. Part of a small archipelago, whose islands can spend practically swimming channel more or less deep. It is located approximately at the Centre for the Kuna Yala, 1000 meters of the community of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukupseni">Playon Chico Ukupseni</a> or 1500 meters of tropical rain forest and land where the airport is located." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.burohappold.com/BH/Gallery/ProjSpecMain/PRJ_SPEC_MN_novi_sad_friendship_swing_bridge_1%C2%AC01.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNKG0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNKG0100.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>2001</b> - <a href="">Novi Sad Friendship Swing Bridge</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_Wensum">River Wensum</a>, Norwich (England). "A cable stayed swing footbridge. Named in recognition of the twinning ties between Norwich and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novi_Sad">Novi Sad</a> in Serbia. The bridge was designed by Buro Happold and commissioned by Norfolk County Council." <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/SERB0100.GIF" width="30" height="20"> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mubarak_Peace_Bridge.jpg/800px-Mubarak_Peace_Bridge.jpg" width="120" height="85">  <img src="http://www.strategypage.com/gallery/images/friendship_bridge.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <br><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="245" height="0"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/EGYP0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>October 2001</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_Canal_Bridge">Mubarak Peace Bridge</a>, El Qantara. (Egypt). Also known as the <b>Egyptian-Japanese Friendship Bridge</b>. Carries a highway across the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_Canal">Suez Canal</a>. Both images made from US warships during transits of the canal. Right image from the nuclear-powered <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Theodore_Roosevelt_(CVN_71)">USS Theodore Roosevelt</a> (CVN 71) on February 15, 2006. <a href=""><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/JAPA0001.GIF" width="26" height="18"> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.kajima.co.jp/ir/annual/2002/image/jp-friendshipbridge.jpg" width="120" height="95"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/PALA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>January 11, 2002</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koror-Babeldaob_Bridge">Japan-Palau Friendship Bridge</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palau">Palau</a>). Three-span extradosed bridge with a length of 413 meters. "Replaced the former Koror-Babeldaob Bridge which collapsed on September 16, 1996, severing water and power to the island of Koror. Until the new bridge was constructed the only connection to the capital and the airport on Babeldaob was via ferry service across the channel." <a href=""><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/JAPA0001.GIF" width="26" height="18"></a> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.hiltonpond.org/images/CR08pBridgeNicoya01.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CORC0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>2003</b> - <a href=""><i>Puente de la Amistad de Costa Rica-Taiwan</i>/ Costa Rica-Taiwan Friendship Bridge</a>, Tempisque River (Costa Rica). 'Half-mile long bridge built by the Taiwanese government to honor Costa Rica. Now the main route from Solimar to San Jose and replaces several ferries that were much slower than a highway link." <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/TAIW0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.bethelresort.com/sites/default/files/images/commanding%20view%20of%20congo%20cross%20bridge%202.JPG" width="120" height="85"><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="5" height="0"><img src="http://www.mnadvocates.org/uploads/Peace_Bridge_14.jpg" width="85" height="120"> <br><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="210" height="0"> </a></center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/SILE0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>2003</b> - Peace Bridge, Freetown (Sierra Leone). The <a href="http://www.trcsierraleone.org/drwebsite/publish/index.shtml">Truth & Reconciliation Commission</a> renamed the Congo Cross Bridge to mark the place where the invasion of Freetown on 6 January1999 was stopped. The Peace Bridge reminds the people of Sierra Leone that the war was overcome. And it gives hope that peace will become the bridge to the future. </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center><img src="http://www.russiatoday.ru/s/obj/2009-02-22/1.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I</br>D<br>G<br>E</center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/FRAN0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/GERM0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>2004</b> - <a href="http://maps.google.com/maps/place?hl=en&um=1&ie=UTF-8&q=%22deux+rives%22+passerelle+strasbourg&fb=1&gl=us&hq=%22deux+rives%22+passerelle&hnear=Strasbourg,+France&cid=11349642903081350585"><i>Passerelle des Deux Rives</i> / Gateway of the Two Banks</a>, across Rhine River between Strasbourg (France) & Kehl (Germany).  "Permanent artistic installation, a bond between two countries for which the border formerly seemed & wanted to be insuperable. According to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Ries">Roland Ries</a>, then mayor of Strasbourg, 'Here, it is indeed Europe, because this bridge connects two countries that have been torn apart for a long time; the reconciliation of these two countries is today one of the surest supports of the European construction.'" Not to be confused with the <a href="http://www.culture-routes.lu/php/fo_index.php?view=full&lng=en&dest=bd_pa_det&id=00000053">Bridge of Europe</a> which is a highway bridge a few hundred meters downstream (right image). <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/EUUN0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> </td><td><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Europabr%C3%BCcke_kehl_2.JPG/800px-Europabr%C3%BCcke_kehl_2.JPG" width="120" height="85"> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://ismaili.net/timeline/2002/bridge1.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/TAJK0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/AFGH0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>July 6, 2004</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajik-Afghan_Friendship_Bridge">Tajik-Afghan Friendship Bridge</a> (Tajikistan & Afghanistan). "Connects the two banks of Darvaz across the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amu_Darya">Amu Darya River</a> separating Tajikistan and Afghanistan, at Khorog." Is this a correct image? See <a href="http://www.ismaili.net/timeline/2002.html">source of image</a>. </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://pamirtimes.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/dsc08926j.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <img src="http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200408/19/images/0818_G13.jpg" width="100" height="85"> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/KKH.png" width="85" height="120"> <br><img src="http://bell.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="315" height="0"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/PAKS0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>August 17, 2004</b> - <a href="http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200408/19/eng20040819_153797.html">Youyi Friendship Bridge</a>, Thakolt, between Gulmit & Shishkat, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karakoram_Highway">Karakoram Highway</a> (KKH), Northwet Frontier Province (Pakistan). "Name commemorates Chinese and Pakistani workers who devoted their life to the construction of the bridge between 1966 and 1978." "Located at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khunjerab_Pass">Khunzhrav River</a>, this is site of a bridge that would connect Shishkat and Gulmit. It is the largest bridge being constructed on KKH in terms of height from the river level, as well as length. Chinese engineers are working on the bridge as part of the KKH expansion project." The Karakoram Highway -- also known as the <b>Friendship Highway</b> in China -- was built by the governments of Pakistan and China, and was completed in 1986. <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CHIN0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.ducked.nl/photos/sentinelsofvenlo20070623/DSC_2209.jpg" width="120" height="85"></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/NETH0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>Date?</b> - <a href="http://www.ducked.nl/blog-entries/sentinels-of-venlo/">Sentinels of Venlo</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_Meuse">River <i>Maas</i> / Meuse</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venlo">Venlo</a>, Limburg (Netherlands). "The bridge that connects Venlo and Blerick is guarded by four colossal statues by Shinkichi Tajiri." "Include bases nine meters high, warn against continued aggression, violence and war. They act as symbolic guardians of the Second World War on both sides of the heavily devastated city." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Mukdahan_Friendship_Bridge_II.JPG/800px-Mukdahan_Friendship_Bridge_II.JPG" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/THAL0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/LAOS0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>December 19, 2006</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Thai-Lao_Friendship_Bridge">Second Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge</a>, Mekong River, Savannakhet/Mukdahan (Thailand & Laos). "Connects Mukdahan Province in Thailand with Savannakhet in Laos. The bridge is 1600 meters long and 12 meters wide, with two traffic lanes." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/_wDCoceBgbGg/SsZcScuTXlI/AAAAAAAAGr4/RPVC3xF3F6k/s640/lown2.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <img src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/_wDCoceBgbGg/SsZcTTzxc0I/AAAAAAAAGsE/NT0_y_wTZiA/s720/lown4.jpg" width="120" height="85"> <br><img src="http://peace.maripo.com/images/blank.gif" width="245" height="0"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/ME.png" width="30" height="20"> <b>October 17, 2008</b> - <a href="http://www.ci.lewiston.me.us/news/2008/10-17-08a.htm">Bernard Lown Peace Bridge</a>, Lewiston, Maine (USA). "Honors <a href="http://www.bernardlown.org/">Dr. Bernard Lown</a>, a world-renowned cardiologist & peace activist. Born in Lithuania on June 7, 1921, Dr. Lown and his family emigrated to the USA in 1935 & settled in Lewiston, Maine.  He pioneered numerous life-savings advances in cardiology, including the direct current defibrillator. A life-long peace activist and humanitarian, Dr. Lown founded <a href="http://www.psr.org/about/contact-us.html">Physicians for Social Responsibility</a> (PSR) in 1961, SatelLife, and ProCor. He co-founded <a href="http://www.ippnw.org/">International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War</a> (IPPNW) in 1980 with Russian physician <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yevgeniy_Chazov">Dr. Evgueni Chazov</a>. The two doctors received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1985 on behalf of IPPNW." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_yqn60rsTXjc/S0Vy5Kw5afI/AAAAAAAAAao/nmXZ5mMWhJw/s400/umoja+bridge.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/MOZA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/TANZ0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>Early 2010</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_Bridge">Unity Bridge</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruvuma_River">Ruvuma River</a>, Negomano (Mozambique). Connects Mozambique to Tanzania. Construction was long delayed. Is it complete? NB: No better image found. </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.newstartmag.co.uk/images/news_images/PeaceBridge-web.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNKG0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <a href=""><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNKG0103.GIF" width="26" height="18"></a> <b>December 2010?</b> - <a href="http://www.newstartmag.co.uk/news/article/2411/work-begins-on-peace-bridge-in-northern-ireland">Peace Bridge</a>, River Foyle, Londonderry (Northern Ireland). "A multi-million pound foot and cycle bridge is to bring an area into shared public use for the first time in nearly 170 years. Will link the former military base at Ebrington to the Guildhall building and ‘transcend the physical divide of the river’. ...Will be the third to span the River Foyle and has been given more than £13m of funding from the European Union’s PEACE III Programme, managed by the Special EU Programmes Body (SEUPB). ...Social development minister Margaret Ritchie said she hoped the development would ‘underline our resolve to create a shared future’" <img src="http://mariusostrowski.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/eu_flag.jpg" width="30" height="20"> </table><p><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://images.betterphoto.com/0017/0405240440551020_20a.jpg" width="120" height="85"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</center></td><td> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/OH.png" width="30" height="20"> <b>March 16, 2011</b> - <a href="http://www.daytondailynews.com/entertainment/dayton-bars-clubs/city-supports-more-liquor-licenses-for-oregon-district-1109803.html">Ambassador Richard Holbrooke Memorial Bridge</a>, Salem Avenue, Dayton, Ohio (USA). "The Dayton City Commission unanimously agreed to honorarily name the Salem Avenue Bridge as Ambassador Richard Holbrooke Memorial Bridge in honor of [<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Holbrooke">Richard Holbrooke</a> [1941-2010],] the deceased [American] diplomat who negotiated the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dayton_Agreement">Dayton [Peace] Accords</a> at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in 1995. Holbrooke died in December 2010." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center>  <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/40/Calatrava-calgary-bridge.jpg" width="140" height="85"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CANA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CANA0100.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>2011?</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Bridge_(Calgary)">Peace Bridge</a>, Bow River, Calgary, Alberta (Canada). 130-meter pedestrian bridge. "Spanish architect <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santiago_Calatrava">Santiago Calatrava</a> brings a sculptural feel to the structure, using the tubular design as a solution to constructional difficulty. The highly technical bridge will have separate lanes for cyclists and walkers, making life a little easier regardless of the type of commute." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.ixpats.com/bahrain_expats_blog/media/1/20080112-bahrain-qatar-bridge.jpg" width="120" height="85"></a> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><a href=""><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/QATA0001.GIF" width="26" height="18"></a> <a href=""><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/BHRN0001.GIF" width="26" height="18"></a> <b>2011</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar_Bahrain_Causeway">Qatar Bahrain Friendship Bridge</a> (between Qatar & Bahrain). Also called the Qatar Bahrain Causeway. Under construction. </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://buffalo.images.ynn.com/media/2010/1/28/images/Peace_Bridge_Forumf3180640-2363-480a-8f71-5dfa7916fa28.jpg" width="120" height="85"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/NY.png" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CANA0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/CANA0110.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <b>Future</b> - <a href="http://buffalo.ynn.com/content/all_news/494534/latest-peace-bridge-options-go-before-public/">Peace Bridge Expansion Project</a>, Niagara River, US/Canadian Border between Buffalo, New York (USA), & Fort Erie, Ontario (Canada). "'We've gone through literally 60-70 different designs and plaza options from the beginning of the process,' said Peace Bridge Authority Chairman Ken Schoetz. Construction could begin around the plaza by the end of 2011 or the beginning of 2012." </table><table border=2> <TR><TD><center> <img src="http://www.ambassadors4peace.org/Newsletters/Stories/Oct05/beringStrait.jpg" width="140" height="95"> </center></td><td><center><b>B<br>R<br>I<br>D<br>G<br>E</b></center></td><td><a href=""><img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/RUSS0001.GIF" width="26" height="18"></a> <img src="http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNST0001.GIF" width="30" height="20"> <img src="http://images.statemaster.com/images/flags/AK.png" width="30" height="20"> <b>Future</b> - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bering_Strait_bridge">Intercontinental Peace Bridge</a>, Bering Strait between Cape Dezhnev, Chukotka (Russia) & Cape Prince of Wales, Alaska (USA). Also known as the Eurasia-America Transport Link. <a href="http://www.ambassadors4peace.org/Newsletters/Stories/Oct05/LincolnCenterAddress.htm">Proposal supported</a> by the <a href="http://www.schillerinstitute.org/economy/maps/maps3.html#bering%20straits">Schiller Institute</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Myung_Moon">Sun Myung Moon</a> & others. </table></blockquote></blockquote> </TABLE></blockquote> <center>Please email your comments & questions to <b>geovisual @ comcast.net</b>. Thank you. <p><a href="http://peace.maripo.com">Return</a> to Peace Monuments <a href="http://peace.maripo.com">main page</a>.</center> </body></html>