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| Peace Monuments Related to All Genocides |
Click here for chart rank ordering the holocaust & other human tragedies. |
Click here for Wikipedia's article on genocide.
Click here for Wikipedia's list of holocaust memorials & museums. |
Chick here for another on-line list of holocaust memorials. | Click here for Wikipedia list of Holocaust films.
Click here for "The Secular Word "HOLOCAUST:"
Scholarly Sacralization, Twentieth Century Meanings" by Jon Petrie (jon_petrie@yahoo.com). This is a long essay on the evolution of the words "holocaust," "Holocaust," and "shoah."
= Historic site.
= Associated with International Network of Museums for Peace (INMP), The Hague (Netherlands). Created in 1992.
= Associated with International Coalition of Sites of Conscience (ICSC), New York City (USA). Created in 1999. Received ICOM-US Award in 2010.
= Associated with Federation of International Human Rights Museums (FIHRM), Liverpool (England). Created in 2010.
Right click image to enlarge.
O RD |  1944 - "Raphael Lemkin [1990-1959], a lawyer and a Polish Jew, coined the word genocide in 1944. It is a combination of a Greek word genos (meaning 'race,' 'group,' or 'tribe') and a Latin ending ...cide (meaning 'killing')." (per Holocaust: An end to innocence" by Seymour Rossel.)
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| M E M O R I A L 1968 - Tsitsernakapert Erevan / Tsitsernakaberd Armenian Genocide Memorial, Yerevan (Armenia). "44 meter stele symbolizing the national rebirth of Armenians. 12 slabs are positioned in a circle, representing the 12 lost provinces in present day Turkey. In the center of the circle, at a depth of 1.5 meters, there is an eternal flame." "Sits on the site of a Iron Age fortress, all above-ground trace of which seems to have disappeared." Ceremony marking 95th anniversry of the genocide took place here on April 23, 2010 (right image)."
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| U S E U M |
 1980 - Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum, Phnom Penh (Cambodia). "Site is a former high school which was used as the notorious Security Prison 21 (S-21) by the Khmer Rouge communist regime from its rise to power in 1975 to its fall in 1979. Tuol Sleng means 'Hill of the Poisonous Trees' or'Strychnine Hill.'" See Video & Website.
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| E M O R I A L | Date? - Killing Fields Memorial, Choeung Ek, near Phnom Penh (Cambodia). About 17,000 people were killed at Choeung Ek (a former orchard) during the Cambodian genocide (1975-1979). The memorial pagoda contains more thatn 8,000 skulls. "Apart from the stupa, the visitor can see the pits from which the bodies of the 8,000 victims were exhumed. Human bones still litter the site (lower image). There is also a souvenir shop which strikes some visitors as being in poor taste."
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| U S E U M |   1988-2008 - America’s Black Holocaust Museum (ABHM), Milwaukee, Wisconsin (USA). "Existed to educate the public of injustices suffered by people of African American heritage, while providing visitors with an opportunity to rethink their assumptions about race and racism... The only memorial dedicated specifically to the victims of the enslavement of Africans in the United States. It was founded by James Cameron [1914-2006], America's last living survivor of a lynching. In 2008, the museum's board of directors announced that the museum would be closed temporarily because of financial problems. It has not re-opened since."
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|  After 1992 - Genocide Memorial, Lenkoran (Azerbaijan).
Dedicated to the victims of the Khojali Massacre.
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| Date? - Genocide Monument, Quba City (Azerbaijan). Click here for information about the Azerbaijan genocide.
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| Date? - Azerbaijani Genocide Memorial, Baku (Azerbaijan).
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| Date? - Genocide Monument, city? (Azerbaijan).
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| Date? - Monument in memory of genocide victims, Nakhchivan City (Azerbaijan).
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| M E M O R I A L  1993 - Holodomor Ukrainian Famine Memorial,
St. Vladimirs Ukrainian Orthodox Cathedral, Parma, Cleveland, Ohio (USA). English inscription: "1932-1933
In memory of the over 7 million victims
of the man-made famine in Ukraine." "There are many memorials to the Ukrainian Famine [Holodomor]." 
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| M E M O R I A L Date? - Famine Memorial cross, Dnipropetrovsk (Ukraine).
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| M U S E U M + M E M O R I A L 1995 -
Armenian Genocide Museum & Institute (AGMI), Tsitsernakaberd ("Swallow Castle"), Yerevan, Central Armenia (Armenia). "Testimony to the 1915 destruction." See Video & Website. "Adjacent to Genocide Memorial -- twelve shields of grey basalt, leaning inwards toward a flame set in a sunken bowl."
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| U R A L |   1999 - Ireland's Holocaust Mural, Whiterock Road, Ballymurphy, West Belfast (Northern Ireland). Mural says, "An Gorta Mór, Britain's genocide by starvation, Ireland's holocaust 1845–1849." "Reminds the Nationalist/Republican community of what has been seared into the Irish collective memory as the holocaust that cost millions of lives because of British indifference or cold calculation." "Britain's cover-up of its 1845-1850 holocaust in Ireland [is] the most successful Big Lie in all of history... As no Jewish person would ever refer to the 'Jewish Oxygen Famine of 1939-1945,' so no Irish person ought ever refer to the Irish Holocaust as a famine." 
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| U S E U M |  2003? - Cambodian Cultural Museum & Killing Fields Memorial, 9809-16th Avenue SW, White Center, Seattle, Washington (USA). "Patterned after the Holocaust museums that commemorate the murder of 6 million Jews by the Nazis." "Founded by Dara Duong, a survivor from the 1975-1979 Killing Fields of Cambodia. There were five family members including his father that were killed by the Khmer Rouge (Pol Pot) regime when he was 5 years old. He resettled in the US in 1999 [and] wanted to share the story of his life under the Khmer Rouge with the world, so it would not happen again. At the same time Dara wanted the children of Cambodian immigrants, who have grown up in the US, not to forget about Cambodia’s recent history, great culture, traditions and literature.
It's started from the garage in SeaTac. The museum moved to White Center in May 14, 2004." Connected to the Wing Luke Asian Museum (qv). One of 27 US museums in "Museums for Peace Worldwide" edited by Kazuyo Yamane (2008).
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| U W E U M |
 September 2003 - Halabja Martyrs Monument & Museum, Halabja (Iraq). A 100-foot-tall modern structure with a museum inside. Honors the thousands of [Kurds] killed in 1988 when Saddam Hussein's army infamously attacked the town with chemical weapons. Opened just six months after the US invasion of Iraq. Secretary of State Colin Powell & other US dignitaries attended opening ceremony and were received by cheering crowds in the streets. Demonstrators set the monument on fire March 16, 2006, in protest against lack of government assistance. See Video & Website. Affiliated with International Network of Museums for Peace (INMP).
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| R E E |  September 24, 2003 - "Deir Yassin Remembered," Seneca Lake (western shore), New York, New York (USA). Bronze sculpture of an uprooted olive tree by [political cartoonist] Khalil Bendib. Inscription: "Earth torn roots yearning, Palestine landscape mourning displaced descendants. Randa Hamwi Duwaji. Perpetrated by terrorists of the Irgun and Stern Gang, the massacre of Palestinian men, women, and children at Deir Yassin on April 9, 1948 is arguably the most pivotal event in 20th century Palestinian history. // The massacre symbolizes the Zionist quest to build a Jewish state on land inhabited for centuries by Muslims, Christians, and Jews. It marks the begining of the descruction of over 400 Palestinian villages and the exile of more than 700,000 Palestinians. // Over half the population in the land controlled by Israel is not Jewish. Most of these non-Jews are Palestinians. Yet there are few memorails to mark their history and none to mark the massacre at Deir Yassin, which lies 3 km west of the Old City of Jerusalem and only 1,400 m to the north of Yad Vashem, the most famous of all the Holocaust memorials. The irony is breathtaking. // Khalil Bendib, Sculptor, 2003. www.deiryassin.org"
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| I L L A G E |  April 9, 1948 - Palestinian Village of Deir Yassin (Israel). Unintentional monument. Scene of the Deir Yassin Massacre. Lower photo is Deir Yassin as seen from Yad Vashem; the village lies in the green trees to the right of the water tower.
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| U S E U M |  April 2004 - Kigali Memorial Centre, Kigali (Rwanda). "A reminder of the horrors of genocide in an attempt to stop history from repeating itself. The first floor retraces the events leading up to the 1994 genocide and details the heinous event itself. On the second floor is an area devoted to children who were killed in the genocide. Outside are the graves of over 250,000 people, and more are still being created as remains continue to be found."
See Video & Website.
| A P E R | Date? - "Sixteen Years Later: Remembering the Rwandan Genocide in the Kigali Memorial Center" by Amy Sodaro. (See bibliography.)
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| U S E U M |  November 23, 2008 - National Sikh Heritage Centre & Holocaust Museum, Princes Street, Pear Tree, Derby (England).
"A modern, packed, multi-channel museum with real artefacts that allow the visitor to appreciate the rich and complex heritage of the Sikhs in a story of courage, sacrifice and bloody genocide." "One hopes we will see similar initiatives in the US and Canada as well."
See Video & Website. 
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|  2010 - Peace Monument, Bazdarana, Prizren (Kosovo). "Kosovo Albanian separatists have erected a NATO monument in Serbian city of Prizren thankful to that military organization for facilitating ethnic cleansing of Serbs & destruction of Serbian heritage.
The monument is erected in the Prizren suburb of Bazdarana where a road for Suva Reka begins.
Separatists have paid 54,651 EUROS for the pile of steel & concrete, and it is called Monument of Peace (kudos to Pavle Dejanovic from Belgrade for the info).
Given the name of this monument, it stands to reason that any organized & premeditated murdering of Serbs or facilitation thereof is described as 'peace' by the perpetrators.
Guess we are still waiting for the Monument of War to commemorate all the Serbs murdered by Albanian separatists & NATO."
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| U S E U M |  "Before 2011" - Armenian Genocide Museum of America (AGMA), 615-14th Street, NW, Washington, DC (USA). "Will be the premier institution in the USA dedicated to educating American and international audiences about the Armenian Genocide and its continuing consequences. Visitors will come to understand the Armenian Genocide as the prototype for modern crimes against humanity, including the Holocaust, Cambodia, Rwanda, and Darfur." See Video & Website.
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