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Peace Monuments in the Middle East

Afghanistan

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September 2002 - Friendship Gate, between Chaman (Pakistan) & Spin Boldak (Afghanistan). "Two large ochre arches covered in blue tiles, overlooking scores of ramshackle Afghan and Pakistani traders' stalls in a one-kilometer no-man's land....completed in September, but its official inauguration has been postponed back several times. Shah blames the Kabul administration. 'The local Afghan authorities want this,' he said, 'but it's the people in Kabul who are making problems.'" "One of nearly 1,000 posts on the Afghan-Pakistani border. At night, the border is largely unguarded, allowing Taliban fighters, weapons, and drugs to pass through."
March 21, 2009 - Peace Pole?, Shrine of Hazrat Ali (also known as the Blue Mosque), Mazar-i-Sharif (Afghanistan). "A large pole is raised at the shrine, marking the first day of the [Iranian] New Year 1388 in a ceremony that draws thousands of turbaned Pashtuns from the south, Tajiks in flat hats from the west, and Mongol-featured Hazaras to pray for peace at the blue monument built in honour of Ali, the fourth caliph of Islam."

Egypt

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1971 - Egyptian-Russian Friendship Monument, Aswan High Dam, Nile River, Egypt. 71-meter tower designed by Soviet sculptor Ernst Neizvestny. Commemorates Soviet help in the construction of the Aswan High Dam. Also known as the Lotus Flower Tower.

1981? - Victory Memorial & Tomb of Anwar Sadat, Medinet Nasr, near Cairo (Eqypt). Pyramid-shaped memorial commemorates the War of October 1973. Sadat's tomb is under the memorial. Anwar al-Sadat [1918-1981] received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1978. The nearby October War Panorama (right image) was built on a suggestion made to Hosni Mubarak by Kim Il Sung of North Korea when the Egyptian president visited that country in 1983.

November 20, 2009 - Peace Monument, Wausau, Wisconsin (USA). "Brainchild of Egyptian exchange student Mustafah Saleh and Chuck McCarthy from the Good News Project. Richard Riley from the State Department and Mahmoud Amer from the Egyptian Consulate...talked about the importance of local diplomacy and how it's interactions like this that can lead to peace, not just on a strategic or national scale, but person to person. Saleh said he will take its plans back home and get a similar structure built there.

Iran

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1971 - Azadi Tower / Freedom Tower, Azadi Square, Tehran (Iran). The symbol of Tehran, and marks the entrance to the city. 50 metres (148 feet) tall and is completely clad in cut marble. Built to commemorate the 2,500th anniversary of the Persian Empire. Originally known as the Shahyad Aryamehr ("Remembrance of the Shahs") but renamed Azadi after the Iranian Revolution of 1979.
Date? - Peace Monument, at Azadi Museum?, Azadi Tower / Freedom Tower, Azadi Square, Tehran (Iran).
June 29, 2007 - Tehran Peace Monument, City Park, Tehran (Irân). Unveiled on the 20th anniverary of the chemical attack on the town of Sardashi in northwestern Iran. Depicts a white dove mounted on a marble pedestal and decorated by a message in six languages: "That terrible suffering gave us a new understanding of the cruelty of war, the terror of weapons of mass destruction, and the importance of peace. Until the day when all people on Earth can live in peace, we will continuously send messages of peace to the world."

September 21, 2007 - Tehran Peace Museum, City Park, Tehran (Iran). An initiative of the Society for Chemical Weapons Victims Support (SCWVS), assisted by the Dayton International Peace Museum of Dayton, Ohio (USA). Dedicated on the 20th anniverary of the chemical attack on the town of Sardashi in northwestern Iran. Opened on International Day for Peace. The Tehran Peace Monument (qv) was unveiled June 29, 2007, 150 meters from the museum. Member of International Network of Museums for Peace (INMP).

Iraq

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May 29, 2003 - Najeen / Survivor, Fardus Square, Baghdad (Iraq). On same pedestal from which the statue of Saddam Hussein was toppled on April 9, 2003. "For the new plaster sculpture, 23 feet tall (7 meters), the Najeen created abstract figures of a mother, father, and child holding a crescent moon, symbol of Islam, around a sun, symbol of the Sumerian civilization... The graffiti-marked pedestal bears a sign with the sculpture's title: 'NAJEEN.'"
October 2006 - SIEV X Memorial, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (Australia). Commemorates 300 refugees (mostly Iraqi) who were rescued in October 2001 from a 19.5 metre fishing boat. SIEV is naval jargon for "Suspected Illegal Entry Vessel." Temporary monument reconstructed annually.

September 2003 - Halabja Martyrs Monument & Museum, Halabja (Iraq). A 100-foot-tall modern structure with a museum inside. Honors the thousands of people killed in 1988 when Saddam Hussein's army infamously attacked the town with chemical weapons. Opened just six months after the US invasion of Iraq. Secretary of State Colin Powell & other US dignitaries attended opening ceremony and were received by cheering crowds in the streets. Demonstrators set the monument on fire March 16, 2006, in protest against lack of government assistance.

September 18, 2003 - Jardin de la Paix / Peace Garden, Domaine de Trembley, rue Moillebeau, Geneva (Switzerland). Jardin impressionniste de Moillebeau renamed in memory of Brazilian Sergio Vieira de Mello [1948-2003] and 21 other United Nations employees who were killed in Baghdad (Iraq) on August 19, 2003.

Israel

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1953 - Yad Vashem at foot of Mount Herzl, Mount of Remembrance, Jerusalem (Israel). A 45-acre complex containing Holocaust History Museum (March 15, 2005, right image), memorial sites (such as Children's Memorial & Hall of Remembrance), Museum of Holocaust Art, sculptures, outdoor commemorative sites (such as Valley of the Communities), a synagogue, archives, a research institute, library, publishing house and International School for Holocaust Studies (1993). Non-Jews who saved Jews during the Holocaust at personal risk are honored by Yad Vashem as 'Righteous Among the Nations.'"

1963? - Shrine & Gardens, Bahá’í World Centre, Haifa (Israel). Many of the locations at the Bahá'í World Centre, including the terraces and the Shrine of the Báb which constitute the north slope of Mount Carmel, were inscribed on the World Heritage List in July 2008.

August 31, 1966 - Jerusalem City of Peace wall relief, Plenary Hall, Knesset (Israel parliament), Givat Ram, Jerusalem (Israel). By Israeli sculptor Danny Karavan. Karavan represented Israel with his Jerusalem City of Peace sculpture at the Venice Biennale in 1976. See other works by Karavan, including Nurnburg (Germany).
May 1978 - Nahum Goldmann Museum of the Jewish Diaspora (Beth Hatefutsoth), Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv (Israel).. "At opening was regarded by many museum experts as one of the most innovative museums in the world. Uses modern techniques & audio-visual displays to trace the history of communities of the Jewish diaspora through the ages and throughout the world and to convey the story of the Jewish people from the time of their expulsion from the Land of Israel 2,600 years ago to the present. A "non-artifact museum," the exhibitions are arranged thematically, with a study area on each floor."
1995 - Tomb of Yitzhak & Léa Rabin, Mount Herzl, Jerusalem (Israel). Yitzhak Rabin [1922-1995] received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1994.
2000 - Rabin Memorial, Harris Street, Wellington (New Zealand). "An olive tree and a granite memorial to Nobel Peace Prize winner Yitzhak Rabin."
Date? - Rabin Memorial, Rabin Square (former Kings of Israel Square), Tel Aviv (Israel). "Âgé de 73 ans, Yitzhak Rabin est assassiné de trois balles le 4 novembre 1995 juste après avoir prononcé un discours lors d'une manifestation pour la paix sur la Place des Rois de Tel Aviv... Dix ans après son assassinat, deux cent mille Israéliens se sont rassemblés le 5 novembre 2005 à Tel Aviv sur la place, rebaptisée à son nom désormais symbole de paix, où il avait été abattu en 1995." Click here for protest on Jan. 6, 2008.
April 1996 - Peace Bell (Bonsho), Gan Sacker / Sacher Park, Nahlaot, Jerusalem (Israel). resented to the city as a symbol of everlasting peace. Engraved with the quote from Psalms: "Pray for the peace of Jerusalem. They shall prosper that love thee as well."

1996-2000 - Path of Peace, on Israel/Egypt border near Nitzana Settlement, Negev Desert (Israel). "Environmental sculpture" by Israeli sculptor Danny Karavan. Nitzana is a border crossing between Israel & Egypt. See similar "Way of Human Rights" by Karaan in Nuremburg (Germany). Left image copyright by www.israelimages.com.
1998 - Count Folke Bernadotte Memorial, United Nations, New York City, New York (USA). Entry #748 in the "Peace Movement Directory" by James Richard Bennett (2001). Count Folke Bernadotte [1895-1948] was a Swedish diplomaet who was assassinated in Jerusalem.
May 17-25, 2006 - Les Tentes de la Paix / Tents of Peace, Jerusalem (Israel). "Une vingtaine de tentes (et une toile de 160 mètres de longueur sur 70 mètres de largeur) imprimées du mot 'paix' calligraphié par l’artiste Clara Halter dans plus de 50 langues et 18 alphabets." Halter created permanent peace monuments in Paris (France), St. Petersburg (Russia), and Hiroshima (Japan).

Fall 2008 - Tolerance Monument, Tolerance Park, Jerusalem (Israel). 15-meter monument "funded by Polish businessman Aleksander Gudzowaty as a symbol to promote peace in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict." Between Jewish Armon Hanatziv and Arab Jabal Mukaber and just outside the United Nations headquarters in Jerusalem's "Government House."

October 27 or 28, 2008 - Peres Peace House, Jaffa, Tel Aviv (Israel). "A magnificent building of huge green blocks, which cost $15 million, three times the original estimate. The building is windowless & air-conditioned throughout & blocked off from its surroundings, which are home to a poor Arab population. Its faces the sea, as though its builders were hinting that the chance for peace lies in the West, beyond the sea, & not in the East, where neighbor enemies dwell." Named for Shimon Peres and dedicated on the tenth anniversary of the Peres Center for Peace.
Future - Center for Human Dignity-Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem, Simon Wiesenthal Center (SWC), Jerusalem (Israel). Under construction. "Replaces a four-story underground parking structure adjacent to Jerusalem's Independence Park. The park is on the grounds of a Muslim cemetery. The project aims to promote tolerance amongst Jewish populations within Israel, including Ashkenazim, Mizrahim, Ethiopians, Russians, and others. The new museum complex has been designed by Frank Gehry to resemble a fruit bowl.

Future - World Peace Monument, on top of Mount Ora, eight kilometres southwest of Jerusalem and over looking Bethlehem. By French architect Jean Nouvel. "Association for a World Peace Monument [WPM] is a Swiss based institution... Monument will include a congress and communications centre. With a height of 100 meters and a diameter of 40 meters, this unique peace tower is not to overlook [sic]."

Lebanon

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1976 - Untitled, Beirut, Lebanon. Oil on canvas by Abdel Hamid Baalbaki (208 x 370 cm). Exhibited in "The Road to Peace: Paintings in Times of War, 1975-1991," first exhibition in the new Beirut Art Center (June 17-July 14, 2009). "Curated by Saleh Barakat. Hopes to show several artistic experiences directly related to the traumatisms of the Lebanese civil war produced by Lebanese artists and executed between 1975 and 1991. The body of works, in different media and practices, reflects an art that has been seldom shown in galleries or public spaces because of its violence and despair. It was produced under pain and anger in a form of expiation, cleansing and apology from the hostility, brutality and cruelty of a mad environment. 20 artists will be exhibited to highlight a period of the Lebanese art scene that has been kept in the dark for a long time."
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October 22, 1988 - Beirut Memorial, Lejeune Boulevard & Montford Landing Road, Jacksonville, North Carolina (USA). Near Camp Lejeune. Inscribed "They came in peace." Honors the 220 US Marines and 21 other servicemen killed on October 23, 1983, when their barracks in Beirut were destroyed by a suicide bomber driving a truck full of explosives.

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1995 - Tour de la Paix / Peace Tower, Beirut (Lebanon). Concrete tower embedding old guns and tanks. "Accumulation de chars et de canons dans du béton, 32 m de haut et d'un poids de 6 000 tonnes. La plus grande sculpture faite par Arman [1928-2005] à ce jour. Une des plus grandes sculptures contemporaines dans le monde."

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July 6, 2006 - Peace Marker Republic of Lebanon, Point of Peace #7, International Center of Human Studies, Byblos (Lebanon). One of eight Worldwide Peace Markers.

Palestine

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July 1, 2001 - Bethlehem Peace Center, Bethlehem (Palestine). Cultural Center owned and operated by Bethlehem Municipality. Located next to Manger Square between the Church of the Nativity and the Mosque of Omar.
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2004 - Mausoleum & Minaret honoring Yasser Arafat, Al-Muqata'a, Ramallah (Palestine). Right next to the presidential headquarters where Arafat spent his last years. Yasser Arafat [1929-2004] received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1994.

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Future - Oush Grab Peace Park, Jerusalem-Eastern Gush Etzion Highway, Beit-Sahour (Shepherd’s Field), east of Bethlehem (Occupied Palestine). A development (fully funded by USAID in 2006) for a children’s hospital, youth center, public peace park, environmental center, recreation center, cultural center, and parking lot, but halted (indefinitely?) due to a counter proposal by "Women in Green" for a "Jewish Shdema" (settlement) on the same site (which is an abandoned IDF army camp).

Qatar

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Future - Khalifa Olympic Peace Tower, Doha (Qatar). Projected 300-meter tower.

Saudi Arabia

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October 24, 1998 - J. William Fulbright Peace Fountain, Old Main, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas (USA). Designed by Fay Jones & Maurice Jennings. Fulbright was president of this university. Giggest contributor is Saudi Arabia. As US Senator, he chaired the Committee on Foreign Relations. Entry #28 in the "Peace Movement Directory" by James Richard Bennett (2001).

Turkey

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Date? - Statue of Peace, end of the pier, Turgutreis, Bodrum Peninsula (Turkey). "I just love this statue on the pier in Turgutreis. It is sooo beautiful."
Date? - "Hands" statue, Abdi Ipekci Park, Ankara (Turkey). By sculptor Metin Yurdanur.

March 8, 2006 - Peace Marker Republic of Turkey, Point of Peace #6, Freedom Park, Isanbul (Turkey). One of eight Worldwide Peace Markers. Image shows Freedom Park.

August 26, 1989 - World Peace Bell #3, Cinnah Caddesi, Cankaya, Ankara (Turkey). One of 20 WPB's installed in 16 different countries by the World Peace Bell Association (WPBA), Tokyo (Japan). Scanned left image courtesy of WPBA.
2008? - Monument to Humanity, Kars (Turkey). "For Naif Alibeyoglu, the former mayor of Kars whose idea it was, supposed to represent the victory of peace over enmity, its flood-lighting visible from neighbouring Armenia, 40 kilometres away. In Kars, opposition to the monument was led by Oktay Aktas, local head of the Nationalist Action Party, or MHP. “Why is one figure standing with its head bowed, as if ashamed," Aktas asks. Today, it stands unfinished. Its three-metre high hand, supposed to join the two figures, was never attached. It lies fingers up in the gravel in front.
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May 31, 2010 - MV Mavi Marmara. Owned by the Islamic charity Insani Yardim Vakfi / Foundation for Human Rights & Freedom & Humanitarian Relief (IHH). Israeli commandos attacked the Turkish ship in international waters with about 600 peace activsts on board as it and five other vessels were en route to Gaza with 10,000 tons of construction materials and humanitrian supplies. Israel has blockaded Gaza since 2007.

Turkmenistan

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Date? - Independence & Peace Monument, Ashgabat (Turkmenistan).

United Arab Emirates

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Date? - Globe Mobile Home Trailer, Rainbow Sheikh's Car Museum, Dubai (United Arab Emirates). Exactly 1 millionth the size of the actual earth. Contains 8 bedrooms. In the Guiness Book of Records for the largest operable mobile home in the world. Belongs to Sheikh Hamad bin Hamdan al Nahyan, nicknamed the Rainbow Sheikh for the rainbow he puts on the many vehicles in his collection.

Uzbekistan

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1986 - Istoriceskij Muzej Samarkanda / International Museum of Peace and Solidarity, Samarkand (Uzbekistan). "Museum runs a wide range of educational activities and international projects, as well as housing about 20,000 exhibit pieces from over 100 countries. It's probably the only place in the world where visitors can see a piece of the Berlin Wall, fragments of Soviet and US nuclear missiles, a part of an A-bombed roof tile from Nagasaki, soil from Auschwitz, in one place." Member of International Network of Museums for Peace (INMP).
September 12, 1988 - Seattle Peace Park, Tashkent (Uzbekistan). "Covers a territory of 1.5 acres. The Seattle-Tashkent Sister City Association along with Peace Corps Volunteers created the park, decorating it with a fountain, a mosaic map of the world [in image], a striking sculpture by a Seattle-based artist, many decorative and unique tiles designed by Seattle citizens, and planting the trees that have grown over the years and now shade half of the park." Photo courtesy of Anatoly Ionesov 11/08.

April 21, 2003 - World Peace Bell, Babur Culture and Recreation Park, Tashkent (Uzbekistan). Photo courtesy of Anatoly Ionesov 11/08. One of 20 WPB's placed in 16 different countries by the World Peace Bell Association of Tokyo, Japan.

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